Monitoring of long?term tolerance of European ash to <i>Hymenoscyphus fraxineus</i> in clonal seed orchards in Sweden

The invasive alien pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus causing ash dieback (ADB) has devastated European (Fraxinus excelsior) populations across Europe. Breeding for resistance is the most feasible measure to reduce future losses of ash, and presence resistance, albeit at low level, been demonstrated in numerous genetic trials around This study a continuation inventories tracking vitality status different clones, which started 2006 two seed orchards southern Sweden. A new inventory conducted summer 2021 revealed that ten clones previously identified as tolerant ADB based on periodic surveys from onwards still remain tolerant, while susceptible continued decline are completely disappearing orchards. Browsing caused mortality some one during last assessment period. Despite animal damage, stable observed over 15 years period forms solid basis breeding programme where good candidates selected further study.